Last Updated on February 21, 2024

Mexico is home to some of the most famous and scenic deserts in the world, as well as being the country where the most deserts are located.

Kaip iš tikrųjų, daugiau nei 60% Meksikos šalies teritorija yra srityje, atitinkančioje juostą, kurioje išsidėsčiusios pasaulio dykumos, tai yra priežastis, kodėl didžioji šalies dalis yra sausa.

Mexico is home to two major deserts: the Chihuahuan and the Sonoran Desert, both contiguous with the United States.

The Chihuahuan Desert spans most of the region of Chihuahua, parts of Coahuila and Durango, as well as three US states.

The Sonoran desert covers the states of Baja California Norte and Baja California Sur, the islands of the Sea of Cortez and most of the state of Sonora.

Dviejų pagrindinių Meksikos dykumų žemėlapis, Čihuahuano ir Sonoro dykumos.
Map of the two major desert areas in Mexico, Čihuahuano ir Sonoro dykumos.

Čihuahua dykuma

The Chihuahuan Desert is the largest desert in North America, located at the border between the United States and Mexico, and is divided between the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental.

The deserts spans across the states of New Mexico, Teksasas, Arizona in the US, ir Čihuahua, Sonora, Durango, Coahuila, San Luis Potosi, and Zacatecas in Mexico.

Peñoles uolienų susidarymas. Jimenezas, Čihuahua, Meksika.
Penoles, Čihuahano dykuma. Netoli Jiménez, Čihuahua, Meksika.

The Chihuahuan Desert is characterized by variable climate conditions, with temperatures reaching over 40 degrees during the day and dropping extremely low at nightfall or in the winter season. Despite its harsh climate, the desert is home to a diverse array of dykumos augalai, medžiai and animal life, su per 400 species living within its boundaries.

The desert is in fact scattered in lakes, upės, and streams, which are home to many marine species that are now unfortunately at risk of extinction or low growth due to climate change and other environmental issues.

Samalayuca smėlio kopos

Ikoninis Samalayuca dunes within the Chihuahuan Desert are a popular travel destination, known for their recreational activities and tours, such as sandboarding, driving off-road cars, and desert camping.

Samalayuca kopos. Čihuhuano dykuma, Meksika.

kirto Meksikos valstijos: Čihuahua, Sonora, Durango, Coahuila, San Luis de Potosi ir Zakatekas.


Sonorano dykuma

Another famous desert in Mexico is the Sonorano dykuma, which also spans both the United States and Mexico.

Known for being one of the hottest deserts in the world, the Sonoran Desert comprises several sub-eco regions in both Mexico and the United States, būtent Didžiojo altoriaus dykuma (Aukuro Didžioji dykuma), į Kolorado dykuma, į Salotų dykuma, į Nagi, dykuma ir Yuma dykuma.

kirto Meksikos valstijos: Sonora ir Baja California

Meksikos Sonorano dykuma

Dykumos altorius

Altoriaus dykuma yra vienas iš pagrindinių Sonorano dykumos regionų, ir viena iš biologiškai įvairiausių dykumų pasaulyje.

Didelė jo atrakcija slypi jį sudarančiose kopose, nes jie turi labai įdomių formų, panašių į žvaigždes.

Nuo 2016 it is considered a Biosphere Reserve together with the dormant volcanic crater “El Pinacate”.

Plotas, žinomas kaip El Pinacate ir Gran Desierto de Altar biosferos rezervatas, yra įtrauktas į UNESCO Pasaulio paveldo sąrašą, kuriame vyksta 500 augalų rūšys, 200 rūšių bridų ir 40 žinduolių, ropliai ir žuvys, daugelis iš jų yra pažeidžiamos endeminės rūšys.

kirto Meksikos valstijos: Sonora

El Pinacate ir Gran Desierto de Altar biosferos rezervatas

Baja California dykuma

The Baja California Desert has been inhabited by several indigenous tribes, despite being one of the most arid regions in the country.

The desert is characterized by its rugged and sparse landscape, but it’s home to a wealth of biodiversity.

The Upper Gulf of California ir Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve, located within the desert, are important areas for the conservation of marine and terrestrial species.

kirto Meksikos valstijos: Baja California

Baja California dykuma, Meksika

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